紐時賞析／IS再起 重啟阿富汗血腥新篇章

With Spate of Attacks, Islamic State Begins Bloody New Chapter in Afghanistan

IS再起 重啟阿富汗血腥新篇章

The first blast ripped through a school in Kabul, the Afghan capital, killing

high school students. Days later, explosions destroyed two mosques and a

minibus in the north of the country. The following week, three more

explosions targeted Shiite and Sufi Muslims.

第一起爆炸發生在阿富汗首都喀布爾的一所學校，造成高中學生死亡。數日後，爆炸摧毀該國北部兩座清真寺及一輛小巴士，接下來的一周又發生3起針對什葉派與蘇菲派穆斯林的爆炸案。

The attacks of the past three weeks have left at least 100 people dead,

figures from hospitals suggest, and stoked fears that Afghanistan is

heading into a violent spring, as the Islamic State’s affiliate in the

country tries to undermine the Taliban government and assert its

newfound reach.

醫院數據顯示，過去三周的攻擊造成至少100人死亡，令人憂心阿富汗正迎來一個暴力的春天，伊斯蘭國在阿富汗分支團體試圖破壞神學士政府，並鞏固自身新獲得的影響力。

The sudden spate of attacks across the country has upended the

relative calm that followed the Taliban’s seizing of power in August,

which ended 20 years of war.

阿富汗各地突發的一連串攻擊事件，打破神學士自去年8月奪權結束20年阿富汗戰爭後相對平靜的局面。

The Islamic State affiliate in Afghanistan — known as Islamic State

Khorasan — has claimed responsibility for four of the seven recent

major attacks, according to SITE Intelligence Group, which tracks

extremist organizations.

追蹤極端組織的賽德情報集團指，伊斯蘭國在阿富汗分支團體「呼羅珊伊斯蘭國」聲稱，對近來7起重大攻擊事件中的4起負責。

With the attacks, the Islamic State group's Afghanistan affiliate

has undercut the Taliban’s claim that they had extinguished any

threat from the Islamic State in the country. It has also reinforced

concerns about a potential resurgence of extremist groups in

Afghanistan that could eventually pose an international threat.

神學士聲稱他們已消除伊斯蘭國在阿富汗的任何威脅，透過這些攻擊，伊斯蘭國在阿富汗分支團體削弱了此一說法。這也加劇阿富汗境內極端組織可能捲土重來的擔憂，這些組織最終恐對國際社會構成威脅。

Last month the Islamic State claimed it had fired rockets into

Uzbekistan from northern Afghanistan — the first such purported

attack by the group on a Central Asian nation.

伊斯蘭國上月聲稱從阿富汗北部向烏茲別克發射火箭炮，這是該組織首次對中亞國家發動攻擊。

Still, for most of the past six years the Islamic State has been

contained to eastern Afghanistan amid U.S. airstrikes and Afghan

commando raids that killed many of its leaders. But since the

Taliban seized power, the Islamic State has grown in reach and

expanded to nearly all 34 provinces, according to the United

Nations Mission in Afghanistan.

即便如此，過去6年多數時間裡，由於美國空襲與阿富汗突擊隊擊斃伊斯蘭國許多領導人，伊斯蘭國一直被限制於阿富汗東部地區。但聯合國阿富汗援助團指出，自神學士奪權以來，伊斯蘭國勢力範圍不斷擴大，幾乎擴及全國34個省份。

After the Taliban broke open prisons across the country during

their military advance in the summer, the number of Islamic

State fighters in Afghanistan doubled to nearly 4,000, the

U.N. found.

聯合國發現，神學士在去年夏天軍事進攻中攻破阿富汗各地監獄後，伊斯蘭國武裝分子倍增至近4,000人。

The group also ramped up its activity across the country, said

Abdul Sayed, a security specialist and researcher who tracks the

Islamic State group's Afghanistan affiliate and other jihadi groups.

In the last four months of 2021, the Islamic State carried out 119

attacks in Afghanistan, up from 39 during the same period a year

earlier.

追蹤伊斯蘭國在阿富汗分支團體與其他聖戰組織的安全專家與研究人員薩耶德說，該組織還加強在全國各地活動。伊斯蘭國在2021年最後四個月於阿富汗發動119起攻擊，高於一年前同期的39起。

文／Christina Goldbaum 譯／陳韋廷