紐時賞析／德國大選將屆 謝絕領袖魅力

It's Election Season in Germany. No Charisma, Please!

德國大選將屆 謝絕領袖魅力

The most popular politician who would like to be chancellor isn’t on the ballot. The leading candidate is so boring people compare him to a machine. Instead of “Yes, We Can!” voters are being fired up with promises of “Stability.”

可能成為總理的最受歡迎政客，不在選票上。居於領先的候選人太無趣，人們將他和機器相比。沒有「是的，我們能！」選民對各種「穩定」的承諾感到激憤。

Germany is having its most important election in a generation but you would never know it. The newspaper Die Welt recently asked in a headline: “Is this the most boring election ever?”

德國正舉行一個世代中最重要的一次選舉，但你可能不會知道。《世界報》最近在標題這樣問，「這是歷來最無聊的一次選舉嗎？」

Yes and no.

是，也不是。

The campaign to replace Chancellor Angela Merkel after 16 years of her dominating German and European politics is the tightest in Germany since 2005, and it just got tighter. The Social Democrats, written off as recently as a month ago, have overtaken Merkel’s conservatives for the first time in years.

在總理梅克爾主導德國和歐洲政治16年後，這場準備取代她的競選是2005年以來最激烈的，且會更緊繃。直到一個月前都還很邊緣的社會民主黨，已超前梅克爾的保守派系，是近年首見。

But the campaign has also revealed a charisma vacuum that is at once typical of postwar German politics and exceptional for just how bland Merkel’s two most likely successors are. No party is polling more than 25%, and for much of the race the candidate the public has preferred was none of the above.

不過這次競選也顯露領袖魅力的真空狀態，這是戰後德國政治的常態，尤其顯示最有可能接替梅克爾的兩個人有多平淡。沒有政黨在民調中支持率超過25%，而競選中大多數時間，大眾偏好的候選人也非上述兩位。

Whoever wins, however, will have the job of shepherding the continent’s largest economy, making that person one of Europe’s most important leaders, which has left some observers wondering if the charisma deficit will extend to a leadership deficit as well.

然而，不論誰會勝出，將負責帶領歐陸最大經濟體，成為歐洲最重要的領袖之一，這也讓一些觀察家想知道，欠缺領袖魅力是否也會延伸為欠缺領袖能力。

While the election outcome may be exciting, the two leading candidates are anything but.

選舉結果也許令人興奮，兩名領先的候選人卻不讓人這麼覺得。

Less than a month before the vote, the field is being led by two male suit-wearing career politicians — one balding, one bespectacled, both over 60 — who represent the parties that have governed the country jointly for the better part of two decades.

距離投票日不到一個月，選舉由兩個穿西裝男性職業政客領先，一個禿頭，一個戴眼鏡，兩人都年過60，他們代表的政黨在過去20年中大部分時候聯合治理國家。

There is Armin Laschet, the governor of the western state of North-Rhine Westphalia, who is running for Merkel’s conservative Christian Democrats. And then there is Olaf Scholz, a Social Democrat who is Merkel’s finance minister and vice chancellor.

北萊因–西伐利亞邦邦總理拉謝特，代表梅克爾的保守派基督教民主黨參選。社會民主黨的蕭茲，是梅克爾的財政部長及副總理。

The candidate of change, Annalena Baerbock, the 40-year-old co-leader of the Greens, has a bold reform agenda and plenty of verve — and has been lagging in the polls after a brief surge before the summer.

代表改變的候選人，是40歲的綠黨共同黨魁貝爾伯克，提出大膽的改革政見並充滿活力，她在夏季之前支持度短暫上升，目前落後。

It’s a nail-biter, German-style: Who can most effectively channel stability and continuity? Or put another way: Who can channel Merkel?

這是德式的緊張：誰能最有效引領穩定與延續，或者說，誰能複製梅克爾？

For now it seems to be Scholz — a man Germans have long known as the “Scholz-o-mat” or the “Scholz machine” — a technocrat and veteran politician who can seem almost robotically on message. Where others have slipped up in the campaign, he has avoided mistakes, mostly by saying very little.

目前看來似是蕭茲，德國人認識已久的「蕭茲機器人」或「蕭茲機器」，一名技術官僚及資深政客，傳達訊息時像是機器人。其他候選人在選戰中不小心失言時，他避免犯錯，大多數是因說得很少。

文／Katrin Bennhold 譯／莊蕙嘉

說文解字看新聞

「魅力」（charisma）一字源自古希臘字χάρισμα，指神賜的才能，如有表現奇蹟或預知未來的能力。此一具有強烈宗教意涵的用法，現今已很罕見。已知非宗教的用法首度出現在德國社會學大師韋伯（Max Weber）1922年的作品。他所提出的「魅力型領導」（Charismatic leadership）指領導者的權力，來自本身特殊人格對成員的吸引力。屬於這類型的領導者，其一言一行均有無限的魅力，無形中吸引別人來追隨他，可能是聖雄或梟雄。

德國於9月26日舉行聯邦議會選舉，也是總理之戰，誰將接班梅克爾令全球矚目。本文分析選舉前一個月民調最高的兩名候選人，形象中規中矩但欠缺魅力。

文章中段的charisma vacuum和charisma deficit意思相去不遠，兩個複合名詞分指選戰缺乏突出人物以及缺乏領袖魅力的情況。

文中使用多種字彙具象或抽象的形容「欠缺魅力」，包括boring、bland、suit-wearing、robotically等，類似字還有形容氣氛沉悶的stuffy，內容枯燥的prose，性質單調的plain等等。